International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Productional Research
Volume:31 Issue: 4, Dec 2020

This paper aims to conduct a sociological survey and the results of the formation of theoretical and methodological principles and practical recommendations for improving management decisions in urban passenger transport. We use the analytical economic methodology to analyse the transport industry of Ukraine; to investigate the theoretical and methodological principles of the compensation policy formation in urban public transport. We use expert evaluation methods to check the relevant factors while deciding to use or not use public transport. This study has proved that when making management decisions, it is necessary to take into account both the opinion of users and the opinion of experts; none of these opinions should prevail over the other, and therefore decisions should be made based on a balanced assessment. The authors identified 18 factors that have the most significant influence when deciding on the use of passenger transport; conducted a study twice on the importance of each factor, highlighted the impact of each of them. The authors also proposed theoretical and methodological developments that can be used to improve compensation policy in the field of passenger transportation. With this article, we show that when researching, it is necessary to take into account both the opinion of direct participants and experts in this industry it is this tandem that will allow developing the most relevant recommendations for making managerial decisions

The problems of efficient use of natural resources capacity in conditions of administrative and territorial reform affect the local level in the first place, in particular due to the fact that most communities do not have information about what resources they possess and how to use them properly for the development of Consolidated Territorial Communities (CTCs). The paper provides the calculations of integral index of CTCs’ natural resources capacity, which includes a certain group of sub-indices, namely the budget efficiency of the use of natural resources capacity; concentration of natural resources; provision of population with resources; rent payment. The analysis of the use of natural resources capacity to fill a CTC’s budget is conducted; concentration of natural resources at a CTC’s territory is determined; provision of a CTC’s population with natural resources is calculated; main aspects of rent payment that provides most revenues to local budgets are researched; the reserves of increase of communities’ natural resources capacity are revealed. The fact that community residents’ participation in control of the use of natural resources at their territory is essential for the community’s development is established.

The article examines the impact of the dynamics of military expenditures, public debt, arms exports on the economic growth of the six countries (US, China, Russia, Israel, Ukraine, Moldova). The paper empirically tested the hypothesis of the possibility of further maintaining the positive macroeconomic effects in the process of confronting and persistent ‘hybrid’ military conflicts in either ‘hot’ or ‘frozen’ phases. The model characterizes the effects of factors and their change over time as well as features of the aggregate and the specificity of the development of individual objects. This allowed us to construct an object-dynamic regression model to determine the dependence of the development of national economies, namely GDP growth rates, for countries in a state of ‘hybrid’ war. The definition of these dependencies provides the opportunity to make recommendations on the use of adequate models of forecasting military expenditure for the country, which aims to achieve the goals of sustainable development under the increasing military threats.

The aim of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological foundations, scientific and practical recommendations for improving the management and evaluation of public debt in Ukraine. The methodological foundations of the study are a systematic approach to the analysis of the relationship of financial phenomena and processes, creative reflection on the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on public debt, and its role in the context of macro-financial stabilization. Specific scientific theoretical and applied developments by the applicant were obtained using the following methods graphical financial analysis (for studying the tendencies of debt formation); statistical-economic (to identify the impact of public debt on socio-economic processes); economic-mathematical modeling (to determine the relationship between public debt and macroeconomic indicators). On the basis of the research, it was revealed that the selected macroeconomic indicators have a significant impact on the government debt, and there are difficulties in coordinating international, regional economic integration or creating a broad separation based on stable international competitiveness. In order to test the impact of some macroeconomic indicators on the size of public debt, the World Bankchr('39')s economic indicators have been taken as the main material for research. The analyzed period of time is 2001-2017 years. The recommendations provided in this article will contribute to the development of public debt management and the associated increase in the living standards of the countrychr('39')s population. Based on the analysis conducted, there are every reason to assert that effective management of public debt can contribute to the development of the national economy. The scientific novelty of the study is to determine the impact of some macroeconomic indicators on public debt management at the current stage of Ukrainechr('39')s development.

In the era of digitization and globalization, national higher education systems face a number of challenges of the exogenous nature. Intensification of the competition in the educational services market necessitates the search for new ways of increasing the level of the competitiveness of universities and higher education systems as a whole. Development of theoretical, methodological and applied foundations of the formation and implementation of the integrated model of the competitive higher education becomes relevant. Application of the interdisciplinary approach to the research allows combining tools and techniques of different sciences. Economic, psycho-pedagogical, legal and managerial blocks are structural components of the proposed model of the competitive higher education. The effective implementation of such a model requires the involvement of a wide range of stakeholders and the impact of changing factors in the exogenous environment. Successful implementation of the model requires the existence of a developed regulatory framework harmonized with the provisions of the EU legislation. Practical implementation of the model concept proposed in this article will increase the competitiveness of the national higher education system in a highly competitive global scientific and educational area.

Online learning is becoming an increasingly popular request. Many universities are moving fully or partially to this form of study. In the article, the authors considered what is virtual space, what are its criteria, as well as applicability for teaching students and passing research practices. Based on an analysis of existing virtual spaces (platforms), an experiment was conducted. The study showed that in real enterprises social skills develop better, while professional ones are worse; with the complete replacement of actual practice with virtual, social skills (such as teamwork, interpersonal communication, conflict resolution) practically do not develop. When introducing an external curator and uniting students into small groups (2-3 people) for a complex task fulfilment, it allowed strengthening the advantages of virtual practice in terms of developing professional competencies and to level its shortcomings, adding more "reality" The experiment showed that a virtual platform could be an alternative to passing research practice for students. Still, it must be corrected both at the beginning (for certain specialities of student training) and after a particular time. The main reasons that impede the development of the creation of both virtual spaces and the process of "virtualisation" of science as a whole are considered.

The article examines foreign and domestic experience in organizing financial monitoring systems, systematizes the requirements for its implementation in Ukraine. The basic legal norms, enshrined in the joint directives of the European Parliament and of the Council of the EU, and underlying the national financial monitoring systems of the EU countries and Ukraine have been also analyzed. Taking into account the fact that the risk-based approach is the main basis for the effective implementation of all FATF recommendations, the nature of the risk of money laundering / financing of terrorism and the criteria for their assessment have been investigated. A scheme of improving the process of financial monitoring in a bank has been developed, as well as a number of measures have been proposed to raise the level of adhering to the legislation in the field of anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing by the banking sector.

A research was conducted to form an approach to the design and implementation of a multi-agent control system of smart elements for a “Smart house”. The system was built on the example of three intelligent robots. In the architecture of the system under development, the main part is the subject-independent multi-agent kernel, which includes the following basic components: direct access service, the messaging service, agent class library, agent community, ontology. It was found that the multi-agent approach using ontologies in the framework of this problem significantly exceeds traditional methods in efficiency. The experimental part includes a description of scenarios for organizing the functioning of smart elements in a multi-agent system. This system simulates the adaptive, remote and almost independent functioning of the intelligent objects of the “Smart House”. The developed scenarios have shown the feasibility of applying this approach for a wide class of objects, such as a "Smart house".

The aim of the paper is to present a complex risk analysis of investing in agriculture Exchange Trade Funds (ETFs). The specific characteristics of agricultural investments should be taken into account as from the direct financial investments into agricultural ETFs, as for the general portfolio approach applying. To achieve the objectives of the work, the authors structured agriculture ETFs into 6 classes, which represent different types of ETFs. A special sample of 26 agricultural ETFs was formed. A complex risk analysis consisted of applying 5 different conceptual approaches to measuring investment risk. In particular, approaches based on measuring variability, applying the concept of Value-at-Risk are applied. The approach of estimating the shocks of changes in the profitability of the asset class in question is applied. The risk level in the aspect of sensitivity to changes in stock returns, bonds and the uncertainty index EPU is investigated. Built portfolios with minimal risk. Obtained results can be applied for investment decisions

The processes of transformation of the energy space, namely the impact of alternative energy resources on it, are characterized by changes in the national economy in general and in the energy market in particular. The results of the analysis confirmed the significant dependence of electricity production indicators on renewable sources and such factors as GDP, CO2 emissions, total electricity production, which requires improvement of organizational and economic bases for policy development of state support for renewable energy technologies in countries with exogenous factors. The interdependence between electricity production from renewable sources and economic indicators in Ukrainian-Chilean relations using macroeconomic multifactor analysis based on the correlation method allowed to identify the most influential factors.

Addressing socio-economic development issues are strategic and most important for any country. Multidimensional statistical analysis methods, including comprehensive index assessment, have been successfully used to address this challenge, but they donchr('39')t cover all aspects of development, leaving some gap in the development of multidimensional metrics. The purpose of the study is to construct a latent metric space based on the use of multidimensional scaling. Based on statistics showing the economic development of Ukrainian regions, two-dimensional space of latent scales was constructed and Ukrainianchr('39')s regions were positioned in this space. The results were interpreted meaningfully. This use of multidimensional statistical analysis confirms its usefulness for measuring the economic development of regions and allows their comprehensive assessment and comparison.

The results of studies on the development of new statistical and econometric approaches to modeling budget policy is presented. The obtained results are applied on the example of tax revenue modeling. The authors note the importance of ensuring transparency and predictability of state financial policy, the realisticness of economic forecasts, because this is the basis of budget modeling. It is also necessary to take into account the various economic cycles that affect the economic dynamics in a particular period of time and in a particular country (or group of countries). Accounting for various factors, including through the use of mathematical methods, will allow to plan reforms with a scientific position. In particular, this is especially true in connection with the introduction of multi-year budget planning. The most important issue of budget policy is the planning of tax revenues (taxes form 90% of budget revenues). To identify the main threats to the tax base, the phenomenon of “tax passes” was used, which is based on an assessment of the effectiveness of a tax credit. The main participants in the formation of the “gross gap” in the value added tax revenues in Ukraine are shown. A correlation and regression analysis of the natural logarithms of the gross domestic product and tax revenues is carried out. This allowed us to determine the elasticity of tax revenues and GDP in Ukraine. A change in GDP directly affects the amount of tax payments to the budget, and the rate of change of indicators is proportional and changes insignificantly. These results allow us to strategically model the reform of discretionary tax policy mechanisms based on a quantitative assessment of tax gaps and the elasticity of tax payments. The authors were able to substantiate some proposals for reforming the budget policy regarding tax revenues.

The article deals with the integrated harmonious structure deviation indicator in the system of post-graduate training, which is constructed according to the rule of the “golden ratio”. Calculated deviation of the indicator of five-sector model that corresponds to the GDP in the post-industrial economy. Selecting components integrated th indicator deviation from the harmonious structure is based on the objective statistics and systematic research of GDP from a five-sector model. According to the proposed method of estimation of structural shifts in the sectoral structure of the educational environment, the integrated harmonious structure deviation indicator for the 2010/11-2018/19 academic years was calculated; the dynamics of the integrated harmonious structure deviation indicator for the GDP of Ukraine and for the higher educational system of Ukraine is compared. The calculation of the integrated harmonious structure deviation indicator in dynamics has led to the conclusion that over the last nine years there has been a tendency to train insufficient number of highly qualified specialists who provide the production of intellectual product, based on the requirements of the knowledge economy.

Innovative capacity as a potential ability of an enterprise to innovative development is manifested in the process of formation and realization of an innovative product, which can be embodied in various forms. In the article innovation capacity is considered as a complex concept that covers the innovative output of the enterprise and the reserve for providing innovative capacity, which can make the difference between the innovative capacity and the current state of the innovative output of the enterprise.In order to improve the level of management processes in the enterprise, the article improves the method of evaluation the innovative capacity, which is based on the use of a three-dimensional space model of the dependence of the innovative capacity on the level of loading vectors of technique of the enterprise (X-axis), applied innovative technologies (Y-axis) and resources (Z-axis) using AHP-model (analytical-hierarchical process model) and certain functional dependencies that indicate the state of innovative capacity of the enterprise and allow to identify the reserve for providing innovative capacity.The system of indicators designed to measure the enterprisechr('39')s innovation capacity is developed on the basis of the AHP-model (analytical-hierarchical process model), which contains two levels: 1) partial indicators designed to assess the level of loading of vectors of the three-dimensional space model of the enterprisechr('39')s innovation capacity; 2) generalized indicators by which the level of innovation capacity is determined. The article uses the relative weight of indicators, which is calculated by forming a matrix of judgments and evaluating the components of the vector of its priorities.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that in the current economic conditions attracting additional investments will ensure the further development of the agricultural sector of the economy. The purpose of the article is to establish a close link between investment attraction and increased agricultural output. Positive dynamics were found as a result of the analysis of the dynamics of investments in fixed assets in the agricultural sector during the analyzed period, but their fluctuations by years are observed due to the influence of factors of the external and internal environment. Scientific methods were used in the research process: modeling - to build an investment model for the development of the agricultural sector of the economy; economic and statistical - to assess the dynamics of capital investment; analysis and synthesis - to find out the reasons that cause changes in capital investment. Results of the research. The result of the study is clearly identified trends in attracting investment in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The analysis of investment attractiveness on the basis of neoclassical Cobb-Douglas production function is carried out. The obtained model made it possible to predict the volume of production based on the expected values of capital and labor.